Ischemic Stroke Essays

Ischemic Stroke Essays Ischemic Stroke Essay Ischemic Stroke Essay A stroke happens when the blood gracefully to some portion of the cerebrum is halfway or totally diminished, denying the mind of essential blood and oxygen and at last causing mind harm. There are two fundamental kinds of stroke, ischemic and hemorrhagic, yet with the end goal of this paper, the emphasis will be on ischemic stroke. Ischemic strokes represent roughly 87% of all feed cases and happen as the consequence of an obstacle inside a vein that provisions blood to the mind. The obstacle can either be a cerebral apoplexy or a cerebral embolism. An ischemic stroke would be delegated thrombotic if the coagulation frames in a conduit that is as of now tight. Interestingly, a stroke would be delegated embolic when a coagulation frames in another piece of the circulatory framework and afterward continues to venture out to mind and causes a blockage in littler vessels. The hidden reason for ischemic strokes is atherosclerosis, which is characterized the development of greasy stores inside the vessel dividers and it is the development of these greasy stores that prompts blockages, and at last stroke. There are various elements that add to an individual’s danger of encountering a stroke. Some hazard elements can be diminished, rewarded, and changed, yet others are increasingly lasting and fill in as deep rooted dangers. For example, a case of a drawn out impact would be that the danger of experiencing a stroke increments with age and around pairs every decade after an individual arrives at the age of 55. Stroke is likewise more typical among men than ladies and the hazard for encountering a stroke increments if there is a family ancestry of it also. Interestingly, factors, for example, less than stellar eating routine, smoking cigarettes, and an absence of physical movement are chance elements for stroke that can be controlled and decreased. Hypertension is additionally one of the main sources of stroke, just as high blood cholesterol and coronary illness. These dangers are regularly viewed as high hazard and are related with less sound ways of life, yet can possibly be beaten given a legitimate eating regimen and exercise plan. Side effects Identifying the indications of stroke is fundamental to recuperation, since the more it goes untreated, the more prominent the possibility of extreme mind harm and inability. One of the basic side effects of stroke is absence of coordination. People may confront troubles strolling, experience dazedness, or be inclined to lose parity and bumble. Another basic indication of stroke is trouble talking. People encountering a stroke may slur their words and some may experience issues understanding discourse also. What's more, another side effect of stroke is loss of motion or deadness of the face, arms, or legs. At the point when this happens, note that loss of motion is frequently is available on one side of the body, yet can be seen in the two sides too. Trouble with one’s vision is likewise a manifestation of stroke and can be available in it is possible that one or the two eyes. The unexpected appearance of an extreme migraine is moreover an indication and is regularly joined by unsteadiness and spewing. All manifestations of stroke should be paid attention to and individual’s showing them ought to be raced to a clinic as quickly as time permits. Treatment and Recovery As referenced before, the more drawn out a stroke goes undiscovered, the more prominent the likelihood of extreme mind harm and incapacity. Moreover, treatment of stroke is best in the beginning periods, explicitly inside the initial three hours. This segment will take a gander at the diverse treatment and recuperation alternatives for people experiencing ischemic strokes. Treatment with respect to treatment of an ischemic stroke, specialists ordinarily first depend on thrombolytic prescription to help separate the coagulation and reestablish blood stream to the mind. Headache medicine is commonly given after an ischemic stroke to forestall the development of extra clusters and decrease the probability of another stroke. Heparin is another blood diminishing operator that might be utilized on account of an ischemic stroke, anyway it is far less regular since its adequacy in crisis settings still can't seem to be completely decided. The utilization of an infusion of tissue plasminogen activator, TPA, is a strategy utilized by specialists to treat ischemic stroke, however it is just successful inside the initial three to four hours after the side effects initially started. TPA is regulated through a vein in the arm and attempts to help break up the blood coagulation and decrease the impacts of stroke. Notwithstanding, the medication builds the opportunity of a cerebrum drain, and most of individuals admitted to the clinic for an ischemic stroke come in past the point where it is possible to get the prescription. Notwithstanding the utilization of prescription to battle ischemic strokes, specialists may turn to crisis systems also. For example specialists may settle on the choice to legitimately include TPA into the mind using a catheter that is embedded into a course in the crotch zone and moved to the region of the cerebrum where the stroke is happening. This treatment alternative is progressively intrusive, however gives specialists a more noteworthy window of treatment and requires littler measures of the medication which decreases the danger of dying. Specialists may likewise choose for utilize mechanical cluster evacuation to treat an ischemic stroke. This procedural involves a specialist embeddings a catheter with a mechanical gadget on the end and moving it inside the cerebrum to genuinely evacuate the coagulation. In any case, if the coagulation isn't noticeable, this mechanical strategy isn't reasonable. Recuperation After the underlying crisis treatment of an ischemic stroke, the center movements to the recuperation procedure which includes helping patients recoup their quality and recapture however much capacity and feeling of autonomy as could reasonably be expected. Recovery ordinarily starts in the clinic and proceeds at home or in an outpatient office after the patient is released. No two restoration programs are actually the equivalent, and with the end goal for them to be best, they should be customized to meet the patient’s needs. A portion of the normal issues tended to inside stroke restoration include: vision issues, trouble dozing, seizures, incontinence, loss of motion, dysphagia, hemiparesis, spasticity, foot drop, aphasia and memory issues, and weakness. As referenced before, treatment plans are normally redone dependent on the necessities of the patient, yet we will take a gander at a couple of treatment choices that are usually utilized for stroke casualties. One of the most widely recognized weaknesses related with stroke is loss of motion. Hemiparesis, which is shortcoming or incomplete loss of motion of one side of the body, is the type of loss of motion generally regular among stroke casualties. This can cause lost parity for the person just as muscle weariness, an absence of coordination, and trouble strolling and getting a handle on objects. There are different treatment strategies to battle hemiparesis, however one of the most widely recognized techniques is altered imperative actuated treatment. This includes constraining the patient to utilize their frail side to play out specific assignments by limiting the utilization of the less influenced side of the body. Electrical incitement and cortical incitement are two different medicines choices that can be utilized using terminals to invigorate the debilitated body part or the mind with expectations of the patient recapturing their portability. These treatment strategies can likewise be applied to different types of loss of motion related with stroke, for example, spasticity and foot drop. Spasticity and foot drop can likewise be treated using extending practices that help improve scope of movement and adaptability while additionally lessening agony and distress. Besides, an extra type of loss of motion related with stroke is dysphagia, which is loss of motion of the throat muscles. This can prompt issues gulping, eating, drinking, and relaxing. There are an assortment of restoration techniques to help exercise side effects, including swallow treatment, uncommon activities, drug, and medical procedure. Medical procedure is the most broad choice and is regularly held for extreme cases, however has demonstrated to be powerful before. Swallow treatment and activities are regularly utilized too and include the utilization of electric incitement to improve gulping and activities to fortify throat muscles. These restoration strategies can be combined with drugs, for example, muscle relaxers so as to build the viability of the treatments being utilized on the person. Incontinence is additionally another basic consequence of stroke and influences around 40-60% of stroke casualties. Treatment can include an assortment of strategies including yet not constrained to drug, bladder and inside preparing, medical procedure, the utilization of a catheter, and social and active recuperations. Notwithstanding incontinence, seizures are additionally a reaction related with ischemic stroke yet is far less normal. Antiepileptic drugs are the most widely recognized treatment technique for stroke, notwithstanding, they should be deliberately managed given the that they can once in a while negatively affect by and large stroke recuperation. To battle seizures because of stroke, medical procedure is now and then introduced as an alternative, just as the usage of a vagus nerve trigger to help forestall future seizures, yet these treatment techniques are progressively intrusive and accompanied a higher hazard. Aphasia and memory issues are two intellectual impacts of stroke that sway a large number of people. Aphasia is a correspondence issue that influences an individual’s capacity to both grasp and use language. Aphasia is frequently rewarded utilizing melodic inflection treatment, craftsmanship treatment, visual discourse recognition treatment, requirement initiated language treatment, and gathering treatment. Be that as it may, the most widely recognized treatment for aphasia is language training, which utilizes speci

Abraham Lincoln Essays (1857 words) - Abraham Lincoln,

Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln was conceived on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky. When he was two, the Lincoln's moved a couple of miles to another ranch on the old Cumberland Trail. After a year, his mom brought forth another kid, Thomas, however he kicked the bucket a couple of days after the fact. At the point when Lincoln was seven his family moved to Indiana. In 1818, Lincoln's mom passed on from a destructive illness called the milk-debilitated. Then ten years after the fact his sister kicked the bucket and left him with just his dad and stepmother. Lincoln made a trip to New Salem in April 1831 and settled there the following July. In the fall of 1836 he and Mrs. Bennett Abell had an arrangement that on the off chance that she carried her single sister to New Salem he needed to vow to wed her. At the point when she showed up he was not to satisfied with her since her skin was loaded with fat. Around seven months after the fact he asked Mrs. Orville Searing to wed him yet she said no. Lincoln met his significant other to be, Mary Todd, at the fabulous cotillion out of appreciation for the finishing of the new capital working in 1839. They got ready for marriage and some time later he severed the commitment since she was seeing other men. Around a year later in Springfield on November 4, 1842 Abraham and Mary got hitched. In 1844, Abraham and his better half had the option to buy their own home in Springfield. It was a one-and-a-half story outline bungalow. In May 1843, the Lincoln's had a child and named him Robert, after the expansion to the family they made the house an entire two story house. Lincoln had three more children Edward Baker, William Wallace, and Thomas. Edward passed on at the age of three, the reason for death was either utilization or aspiratory tuberculosis. In 1832 Lincoln reported himself a contender for the state council yet he was crushed. At that point a year later he was designated postmaster of New Salem and in the fall he became agent district assessor. He truly needed a seat in the Illinois governing body so he ran once more also, was chosen with bipartisan help. Lincoln was extremely keen on being a legal counselor, he would walk fifteen miles just to watch the legal disputes in Boonville, Indiana. Lincoln got a permit to specialize in legal matters in the wake of a few difficult long periods of instructing himself. By the mid 1850s, the Lincoln-Herndon law office had gotten a main Springfield firm. Executive of the Senate's Committee on Territories, Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois came out with another congressional demonstration. Lincoln thought the Kansas-Nebraska Act was simply unacceptable. In the late spring of 1854 Lincoln chose to crusade for a situation in the Illinois State Assembly. In November he won yet surrendered on the grounds that he needed a seat in the US Senate, where he figured he could have a genuine effect. He was crushed by Lyman Trumbull yet in 1856, Lincoln was serving to make another ideological group in Illinois called the Republicans. The new gathering's first and essential objective was to forestall Democrat James Buchanan from winning the Presidency, it fizzled. At that point two days after Buchanan's initiation the Supreme Court governed the Missouri Compromiseunconstitutional and denied that Negros would never be thought of American residents. On June 16, 1858 the Illinois State Republican Show designated Lincoln to run against Stephen Douglas for the US Senate. The seven Lincoln-Douglas banters during the late summer and fall of 1858 were the feature of the battle, in towns all over the state. Ten thousand individuals went to the initial three-hour banter in Ottawa, Illinois, and there were fifteen thousand at the second in Freeport. Douglas won the Senate race, yet the discussions propelled Lincoln on his own way to administration. In 1861, on March 4 Lincoln was initiated as President. Lincoln's first official act was the arrangement of John G. Nicolay as his private secretary. One month after he had taken office he got word that the sixth Massachusetts Infantry was en route to safeguard Washington, which had been assaulted by a Baltimore horde leaving thirteen individuals dead. In May of 1861 Tennessee, North Carolina, and Arkansas joined the Alliance. The main significant clash of the war happens close Manassas along a languid brook called Bull Run, 20 miles southwest of Washington. The fight executed 847 individuals and more than 2,500 were injured. Lincoln felt for the slaves and attempted to do alot to get them out by marking a law offering opportunity to slaves who are being utilized by Confederates to help in the war exertion. On February 20, 1862 the Lincoln's eleven-year-old child, Willie passed on of bilious fever. He

Self-Compassion Makes Life More Manageable

Self-Compassion Makes Life More Manageable Happiness Print Self-Compassion Makes Life More Manageable By Sherri Gordon facebook twitter Sherri Gordon is a published author and a bullying prevention expert. Learn about our editorial policy Sherri Gordon Updated on June 25, 2019 iStockphoto   More in Self-Improvement Happiness Meditation Stress Management Spirituality Holistic Health Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships View All When it comes to personal development, our culture often celebrates those who are self-assured or self-confident. But new research suggests that self-compassion might be a better way to approach success and personal development.  For instance, self-confidence makes you feel better about your abilities, while self-compassion encourages you to acknowledge your flaws and limitations. And once you acknowledge and accept your flaws, you are more likely to view them objectively and realistically. This, in turn, can lead to positive changes in your life. Understanding Self-Compassion Drawn from Buddhist psychology, self-compassion is not the same as self-esteem or self-confidence. Instead of a way of thinking about yourself, it is a way of being or a way of treating yourself. In fact, according to Dr.  Kristin Neff, a psychology professor at the University of Texas, self-compassion involves treating yourself just like you would treat your friends or family members even when they fail or screw up. In general, self-compassion involves accepting that you are human and that you make mistakes. It also means you do not dwell on those mistakes or beat yourself up for making them. Dr. Neff was the first person to measure and define self-compassion and offers a number of meditations that can be used to improve your self-compassion skills. For instance, she also offers  several self-compassion exercises you can engage in including affectionate breathing and loving-kindness meditation. Primary Components of Self-Compassion When it comes to practicing self-compassion, there are several primary components that are essential to its success. These include being kind to yourself, just like you would be to a friend; being mindful of who you really are, flaws and all; and, allowing yourself the freedom to be imperfect. Here is an overview of the primary components of self-compassion. Self-kindness When you practice self-kindness, you recognize that all people are imperfect and that all people have imperfect lives. And you are kind to yourself when things go wrong instead of being critical.  For instance, when something goes wrong, Dr. Neff says  your first reaction might be to think this should not be happening. Or, you might think: I shouldnt have this issue come up in my life. Everyone else is living perfectly happy, normal lives. With this type of negative or unkind thinking, you are likely to experience additional suffering because it makes you feel isolated, alone and different from everyone else. But with self-kindness, instead of thinking poor me, you think well everyone fails once in a while. You acknowledge that everyone has issues and struggles because this is what it means to be human. When you start to think like that, it changes the way you view lifes challenges and difficulties. That opens the door for you to grow from the experience. But if you feel like its abnormal or that it shouldnt be happening, then you start to engage in self-blame. Mindfulness Another component of self-compassion is mindfulness.  When you are mindful, you have to be willing to face your pain and suffering and acknowledge it. Most people do not want to do that. In fact, they usually want to avoid it. They want to avoid the pain and go straight to problem-solving. But when life throws you a curveball, it is important that you take the time to be mindful of how those struggles or failures make you feel and why they might have happened. When you are able to do that, you are much more likely to grow and learn from the situation. Another thing you need to be mindful of is your inner critic. Self-criticism can be very defeating and often plays on repeat in our minds. But mindfulness allows you to be aware of your shortcomings without passing judgment on yourself. The result is that you will recognize where you need improvement without the pressure of being superhuman. Imperfection Once you can accept that it is unrealistic to expect perfection, it will feel like a huge weight has been lifted from your shoulders. It also helps you to realize that what you are experiencing is normal and human,  and you should not feel bad about it. Additionally, recognizing your imperfections can also help you feel more connected to others because you realize that everyone experiences hardships and difficulties. Remember, self-compassion is about being kind to yourself and realizing that humans are imperfect, including you. This also requires acknowledging that it  is okay to not be perfect. Your flaws and setbacks should help you understand yourself better, not make you stressed out or feel bad about who you are. Benefits of Self-Compassion Overall, self-compassion involves recognizing the difference between making a bad choice and being a bad person. When you practice self-compassion, you understand that making bad decisions does not automatically  make you a bad person. Instead, you recognize that your value and worth is unconditional. In fact, research has consistently shown a positive connection between self-compassion and overall well-being. Additionally, self-compassion provides a sense of self-worth. But not in a narcissistic way like self-confidence can  at times. Whats more, people who practice self-compassion also have more social connections, higher emotional intelligence, and greater overall satisfaction with life. They also are more caring, supportive and empathetic. Meanwhile, research shows that people are self-compassionate have less anxiety, depression, and fear of failure.  Research also shows that self-compassion can be a motivator causing people to improve on their mistakes, failures or shortcomings because they view them more objectively. A Word From Verywell When it comes to being self-compassionate, the first thing you need to address is that voice in your head that is constantly critiquing you. Many times, that voice is way too critical. For example, you may beat yourself up for every little mistake. To be more self-compassionate, you need to recognize that voice and correct it when it veers off course.  That doesnt mean you tell yourself how great you are. Instead, you talk to yourself in a kind, nonjudgmental wayâ€"the same way you would encourage a loved one. And when you do, life will get a whole lot more manageable.

The State Of Nature As A State - 1545 Words

In his Leviathan, Hobbes describes the state of nature as a state of war between all men. Hobbes refers to the state of nature as a state where there is no common power over them (Leviathan 13, 293). By this, Hobbes is explaining the state of nature as a state of existence without a governing entity or laws over men. In this state, men have the right to take anything they need in order to preserve themselves (Leviathan 14, 294). Next, Hobbes explains that all men are equal in ability, and he takes great care to explain that in a single ability, such as strength, men are not equal because there will be stronger men and weaker men (Leviathan 13, 292). However, he explains that such inequalities can be overcome using deception or by acquiring allies (Leviathan 13, 292). The idea of equal ability is key to Hobbes’ argument because it ensures that everyone â€Å"has an equal hope of attaining their ends† (Leviathan 13, 293). One way to view this is each individual is able, o r has the capacity, to fight because everyone is approximately equal in ability. If some individuals were stronger than others and weaker individuals had no method to counter their strength, then the weaker individuals would not want to fight because they would certainly lose. This capacity to fight gives everyone the ability to fight each other, so if have reason to fight, then they are able to fight. However, the capacity to fight is not enough because it will not necessarily drive men to fight each otherShow MoreRelatedThe State Of Nature1513 Words   |  7 PagesIn his book Leviathan, Hobbes introduces readers to his version of the â€Å"state of nature.† He describes it as a condition of perpetual war where there is no unjust, nor just, and no mine nor thine. Conversely, men can have control over their bodies, possessions, and even the bodies of others, but only as long as â€Å"[they] can keep it† (85). There is no industry, art, knowledge of the earth, or gove rnment—there is nothing that is conducive to a functioning society. This poor and brutish life men faceRead MoreEssay on The State of Nature is a State of War1498 Words   |  6 Pagesfor why the State of Nature is a State of War it is important to understand Hobbes’s meanings of the terms State of Nature and State of War. The State of Nature is the condition where mankind is forced in contact with one another in a society where there is no authority to enforce power or laws. In this state, the lack of authority encompasses the lack of political institutions and the connotations associated with them: no national allegiances and no punishment. All men in this state have the rightRead MoreHobbes And The State Of Nature1474 Words   |  6 Pages1. According to Hobbes the state of nature leads to a war of all against all. What Hobbes refers to when he discusses the state of nature is a state in which there are no civil powers. To reach his conclusion about how the world would be in the state of nature, Hobbes first explains what human nature is and then explains the relationship between man and civil government. As Hobbes sees it men are naturally in conflict. Hobbes sees three reasons for this. They are competition, diffidence, and gloryRead MoreThe Concept Of State Of Nature918 Words   |  4 PagesConcept of State of Nature A British philosopher and an egoist, Thomas Hobbes believes that humans are selfish by nature. He believes that we are all potential enemies and that we need authorities such as police, the military and courts of law to protects us from each other. He also believes that laws and morality only exist due to fear of living in a state of chaos and conflict. Hobbes describes life without any incentive to be good as â€Å"nasty, brutish and short† otherwise known as State of Nature. WhenRead MoreHobbes And The State Of Nature1549 Words   |  7 PagesLeviathan (1651) that the state of nature is a state of â€Å"warre, as if of every man, against every man†. Hobbes sets out his moral philosophy with regard to human nature; the way humans behave amongst each other and the state of nature; the natural condition of human interaction as a proceed of nature. Hobbes uses the state of nature as a mechanism for demonstrating the preconditions of a political society. By highlighting the pre-political condition as an unendurable state of permanent conflict, HobbesRead MoreThe State Of Nature And Government1315 Words   |  6 Pages THE STATE OF NATURE AND GOVERNMENT Chloe Holmeshaw BF190 Dr. Charles Wells October 11, 2015 â€Æ' The State of Nature and Government The State of Nature and governing in â€Å"The State of Nature† are two subject that Hobbes and Locke both discuss in their book. The enlightenment period was a time of Learning, new inventions, new theories, and new government. Two prominent figures that became known during the enlightenment were Thomas Hobbes (1588-1674) and John Locke (1632-1704). These enlightenmentRead MoreThe Freedom Of The State Of Nature1754 Words   |  8 Pagesmost freedom in the state of nature. He also believed that man is usually a peaceful creature who wants to get along with another humans and avoid conflict. At the same time, there is always going to be that one bad person that has bad intentions. Subsequently, as a result of a possible betrayal, all man’s thinking is that the betrayal can be anyone since no one knows who he is. Therefore, man will be in the state of war and wouldn’t have the most freedom in the state of nature anymore. RousseauRead MoreA Statement Of The State Of Nature2003 Words   |  9 PagesResearch Paper Proposal 1. A statement of the question and of your overriding thesis, and its significance. Evaluate Hobbes’s argument that the state of nature is a state of war. Hobbs conclusion that the state of nature is a state of war is not definitive, rather, the state of nature is a balance between war and peace due to the dynamic and different nature of individuals. The significance of the question is such that it helps to shed light onto human morality, and as a basis from which to deriveRead MoreThe Nature Of Man s State Of Nature Essay2162 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction: The nature of man is violent. Initially blood was spilt out of necessity, for survival. The primitive world was kill or be killed, and Homo Sapiens were able to come down from their trees and out of their caves because they found ways to kill efficiently. This bloodlust makes us unique and gave us an advantage over our meeker cousins, as the human race endured while Homo Erectus and the Neanderthals went extinct, fading into the ether of history. However, very quickly man ran out ofRead MorePolitics, Society And The State Of Nature930 Words   |  4 PagesPolitics, society and the state of nature are connected. Though Rousseau and Kant state that civil society and humanity amongst citizens can only be found if they are not related to the state of nature, in their explanation of laws and society in their political recommendations, the visibility of the state of nature is evident. However, their ways of clarifying nature are not the traditional way. They took a more aggressive approac h to defining the purpose of state of nature in relation to politics

Essay on The Shocking Truths of Divorce - 1073 Words

An absence of a parent or a parent’s separation, divorce, when a child is developing, may affect the child’s future relationships. â€Å"Evidence shows that, on average, children who have experienced parental divorce score somewhat lower than children in first-marriage families on measures of social development, emotional well-being, self-concept, academic performance, educational attainment, and physical health† (Demo, Supple) Since there are high rates of divorce in America, I decided to write about it. Providing facts that might persuade the reader to think the way I do. Divorce is like a disease, it starts with a disagreement until the relationship is destroyed. According to Princeton University, today less than half of children grow†¦show more content†¦According to Supple, women have always assumed primary for child care. â€Å"Although it is true that women have always and everywhere assumed primary responsibility for the care of very young children, this responsibility has seldom precluded either their major involvement in subsistence provision or a substantial reliance upon other caretakers† (Lamb). Since the father has to supply the basic needs for the family and has to get a job. He doesn’t establish a relationship directly with the child, causing the child feeling the absence of a parent. Since there is no bond between father and child, when the infant grows up and notices that his peers have both parents attention. Then he starts having trouble in his own personal life, causing him/her to be insecure in their future roles as parents. â€Å"Evidence shows that, on average, children who have experienced parenta l divorce score somewhat lower than children in first-marriage families on measures of social development, emotional well-being, self-concept, academic performance, educational attainment, and physical health†. â€Å"Marriages that end in divorce typically begin a process of unraveling, estrangement, or an emotional separation year before the actual legal divorce is obtained.† (Demo, Supple) Divorce might seem easy, but actually this process has various effects on the couple, and in the child [if present]. During the process there is usually a lot of fighting, and the childrenShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of the Persian Carpet Essay762 Words   |  4 Pagessuffers from self doubt as she gains a new perspective on her mother, the antagonist, as she finds out the latter has been lying to her for several months about the disappearance of their old â€Å"Persian Carpet†, which is the reason for her parents divorce. The author conveys the theme of selfishness and betrayal through her use of characterization and symbols. First, through characterization, the author follows the young girl, which struggles to understand her mother selfishness. Before meetingRead MoreReflection Paper : Ethical Dilemma866 Words   |  4 Pageshe did not drink. That was very shocking news for us because no one wants to marry their daughter to anyone who is loose character. Moreover, drinking is something never done or promoted in our family and also contrary to our religious beliefs. One thing was clear to me that a relationship that uses little lies over and over again might not be as truthful as it seems and when someone is caught lying again and again than that person can not be trusted to tell truth. In relationship this can be beginningRead More Infidelity Essay1261 Words   |  6 Pages In today’s society, infidelity is one of the leading causes of marital disruption and divorce. In accordance with societal norms many myths have been associated with infidelity. The following myths and their effects on marriage will be discussed: Everyone has affairs, the affair is the direct result of the faithful mate and, the marriage must end in divorce. In examining the various myths, this paper will challenge the greater issue, can marriage survive infidelity?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There was aRead More The Graduate and Plastics Essay example728 Words   |  3 Pagesnbsp; Ben finds this shocking because to an outsider their marriage seems solid and real but it isnt.nbsp; Their marriage is like plastic because although it appears solid, it is fabricated, something made by man in order to deceive.nbsp; They deceive themselves, their neighbors, and everyone else.nbsp; Mrs. Robinson is the only one who recognizes the falsehood of the marriage.nbsp; When Mr. Robinson confronts Ben he tells him that he and his wife are getting a divorce soon.nbsp; Mr. RobinsonRead MoreAnalysis of an Advertisement Essay728 Words   |  3 Pagesfollowing print ad, which contained the photograph of a decrepit old man dressed in a black suit, wearing a diamond encrusted gold dollar sign ring, embraced by a wedding-gown clad, large breasted, peroxide bleached blond, young bimbo. Next to the shocking newly-weds was a new, cherry red Dodge Viper convertible, parked on a black patterned brick driveway, in front of a gorgeous mansion wall adorned with lavish vegetation and concrete Grecian pottery overflowing with ferns. The inept, liver spottedRead MoreEssay on Never Giving Up649 Words   |  3 Pagesbe carried out and truly lived to its fullest unless there has been some sort of suffering and pain. Mistakes are to be learned from, and a hard past can only result in a stronger present. Though many might find themselves alone in their misery the truth is they are not, everyone has struggles. We all have our ups and downs, but it is how we react to them that truly matters. Life is life and no matter what, giving up on lifelong dreams and aspirations because of a few bumps in the road should neverRead MoreEssay on I Now Pronounce You Man and Wife1740 Words   |  7 Pagesmarriage as â€Å"a commitment, partnership, ‘till death do us part† (Sanchez). Lou Sanchez, an 80 year old woman, raised thre e children alone. Lou and Andrew were married for 18 years before Andrew passed away from a horrible accident. This might be shocking news, but Lou, since then, has not remarried. She believed that Andrew was the only man for her. For that reason, she decided to raise her children alone and remain a widow. (Sanchez) Another point of view would be, â€Å"getting married is not worthRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder And Treatment Of Severe Depression Essay1161 Words   |  5 Pagesclear that Karen suffers from Dissociative Identity Disorder, or, more commonly known, Multiple Personality Disorder. The rest of her treatment becomes dedicated to uncovering the reasons her mind has constructed these personalities and reveal the truth hidden in the periods of time she’s lost. Karen suffers from Dissociative Identity Disorder, a mental illness characterized by â€Å" a disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct personalities† â€Å" that alternate control of an individual’sRead MoreSwitching Time : A Doctor s Harrowing Story Of Treating Essay1153 Words   |  5 Pagessuffers from Dissociative Identity Disorder, or Multiple Personality Disorder as it is more commonly known. The rest of her treatment becomes dedicated to uncovering the basis from which her mind has constructed these personalities and reveal the truth hidden in her lost time. Karen suffers from Dissociative Identity Disorder, a mental illness characterized by â€Å" a disruption of identity. . . by two or more distinct personalities† â€Å" that alternate control of an individual’s behavior† (Bell, JacobsonRead MoreDifferent Reactions to Death Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesDeath can be very scary for the elder and young. One never really knows how they will react to the event of death. Even though inevitable, death can be shocking for some or troubling for others. A shocking and a troubling reality of death are depicted in two short stories, Used to Live Here Once by Jean Rhys and A Father’s Story by Andre Dubus. How characters in a story react to death are often different from one another. Used to Live Here Once by Jean Rhys in 1976 is about a woman taking

Reforming Globalization Free Essays

Walden university Alexandra Salsas August 3, 2014 Globalization is an objective with which all companies include nowadays; the global expansion allows firms to increase their profitability and thus consequently the profit growth. As the article mentions the pursuit of a Just society involves carefully balancing two contradictory necessities with regard to the corporate sector. Since reparations are responsible for much of the wealth and many of the Jobs in a modern economy, at the same time, however, even as the corporate sector is fostered, Justice and fairness require that these firms not be permitted to exercise disproportionate power, that is for getting the best employees and with that Increase the profit growth. We will write a custom essay sample on Reforming Globalization or any similar topic only for you Order Now When people talk about the company In the best way this Increase the profitability for this company that which one uses In a bad way Its power or act wrong with customers or employees. Global expansion arises because of the need to encourage the corporate sector, which Is rooted In the fact that corporate-driven economic development dramatically raises living standards and thereby reduces the Injustices associated with deprivation. Similarly, the people who live In poor countries legitimately seek the broadly distributed Improved levels of health, education, and material comfort that are promised by a future of economic development, globalization allows this economic development of countries around he world, and companies to increase and create more franchises need this obtaining a global country increase the offers for employees and with that people get better living conditions as it said. The rules governing the global economy emerge from multilateral talks that reflect the bargaining power of the negotiating countries, power that in turn broadly corresponds to the size of each country economy. Global expansion, profitability, and profit growth aid both the company as the country where they found. How to cite Reforming Globalization, Papers

Accounting and Financial Management Australian Companies

Question: Describe about the Accounting and Financial Management for Australian Companies. Answer: Part A Executive summary The report has produced a detail description about one of the most renowned Australian company Blackmores, the market leader of healthcare services in Australia and its sustainability practice in order to improve its sustainability quotient. The company has consciously applied a range of strategic as well as operational initiatives in order to improve its sustainability as well as moving towards offering superior transparency regarding the environmental impact of the company. The environmental as well as social impacts of the company have been discussed along with its history, location and products. A gap analysis has been performed to calculate the gap between the information provided by the company in its annual report with information collected the other sources as per GRI guidelines, which would be beneficial for the investors and shareholders as well as other stakeholders of the company. Introduction The company Blackmores is an Australian company and considered as one of the biggest company in healthcare sectors and market leader in Australian on their healthcare sector. The company was established more than eighty years back. The company was started it business operation in the years of 1930 by Maurice Blackmore, who was an English immigrant and his thought was ahead of his time. He initiates the company with a vision to provide the society better healthcare with natural herbs and naturopath treatment for ensuring the better health of the people of the society (Bernard, Abdelgadir, Belkhir, 2015). Throughout the years of its operation the company has achieved several awards and recognitions and become one of the most trusted brands in Australia. The company has also demonstrated significant economic growth throughout the years and listed among top 100 companies in ASX. The company has mainly vitamins products and about 250 types of vitamins products use to be produced and sold by the company. Besides this, huge range of vitamins products, the company has good range of minerals and herbal products and wide range of nutritional supplements as per the needs and demand of the customers. Besides this, the company has some exciting range of healthcare services, which are useful and popular among the people. The company is opened at Warriewwood on Sydneys Northern Beaches and the campus of the company provides a standard work place for the new generation that focus on a balanced approach to health, life work and the environment. The size of the campus is around 25,000 Square meters and more than 400 staff works each day. Main body The company provides great emphasis on the development of a sustainable business and reduces the environmental impact of the company and in this way the company tends to improve its social acceptance, as presently every public is aware of the environmental impact (Chen, Feldmann, Tang, 2015). For several reasons like excessive use of automobile and increasing number of factories enhance the pollutant in the air thus enhance the pollution level of the atmosphere. As a result of the pollution, the presence of green house gases, like carbon monoxide, methane has been increased substantially that is the main cause of global warming, which is considered as a danger to the world and the society. In this context the consumer prefers the firms, which are environmentally sustainable (Harrison, Milbers, Mihic, Anis, 2016). For these reasons the contemporary business organizations provides great emphasis on developing effective CSR strategies in order to establish them as the socially respons ible and environmental friendly business organization. The undertaken company Blackmores has been awarded by several recognized organization for its sustainable business practices. The campus of the company has several sustainable elements (Jacobson Sowa, 2015). The energy is supplied to the campus by gas fired tri-generation plant due to this the emission of carbon die oxide has been reduced substantially. The temperature sensitive windows facilitate to access maximum fresh air and natural light to the campus so decrease the need for artificial light and the power consumption has been reduced considerably (Jones, Comfort, Hillier, 2015). Beside this, the company use solar chimney that provide facility of natural ventilation. The company is trying to reduce the environmental concentration along with carbon foot print by the initiation of the company. The company save time for activates thus improve the efficiency of the workers. There are 71% of the wastages diverted from the land fill (Karuhanga, 2015). The company has developed environmental management system in order to manage the environmental impact of the company. The organic food waste from the factory of organic food products is used for producing green electricity. Besides this the company has adopted Recycling Label Plant Ark of Australia. The company has faced several threats with the novel initiatives schemes as well as procedures to improve the efficiency of the waste management company as well recycling the energy consumption of the company. The companys waste implementation scheme enhances its capacities in managing waste streams as well as to set up a novel recovery plan and process (Jacobson Sowa, 2015). Presently only 29% of the wastages sent to the land fill and the current percentage 29% and the diversion rate is 71%. The GRI report helps in the creation of sustainability report with depending on the organisations choice in accordance to the option created by the organisation. This report consists of strategic analysis, general disclosures, organisational profile, identification of the material aspects and the boundaries, stakeholders engagement, report profile, governance and ethics and integrity. The analysis provides the general view regarding the stakeholders management with providing subsequent support as per the guidelines of the report (Harrison, Milbers, Mihic, Anis, 2016). The strategy and analysis draws information with thereby creating the strategic topic summarization. The report also provides the strategic statement which presents the vision and strategy of the short term, medium term and the long term views. The key achievements that are included in this case help in providing appropriate judgement and thereby the recognition of the standards are maintained with providing the perfor mance with respect to the targets ("Interpretations on the G4 Guidelines, issued by the Global Sustainability Standards Board, are located at the end of this document, and are to be considered by all users.", 2016). The challenges for the organisation are depicted with providing the goals for the achievement of performance and thereby the strategic approach seems to be satisfying the items that pertains the organisational approach. The sustainability report of the Blackmores in the years 2015 and 2016 depicts the minimisation of the risks that are depicted in the environment of the organisation. The importance is provided to the common health and public safety which priorities the initial goal of the organisation. The sustainability for the organisation revolves around the community, employees, shareholders, governance and the investments made for the betterment of the future of the organisation ("Sustainability Reporting Guidelines", 2016). The commitment provided for the sustainability provides the view for the creation of ingredient traceability, proven efficacy, quality and the strong demand with the engagement of high staff. It provides the report of the increment of inventory on hand with thereby creating direct source with the key ingredients. Strengthening the supplier relationship helps in the creation of the retention process with the sample for the selection of the ongoing tests and the quality evalu ations. It also provides sustainable supply chain management in order to encourage the support and facilitate the environmentally and the socially responsible approaches for the supply chain management (Chen, Feldmann, Tang, 2015). The difference that is indicated in this report provides the differentiation related to the stakeholders and the shareholders of the both organisations. All the stakeholders are not shareholders but are the shareholders are represented as the shareholders. The shareholders are there in the sustainability report of Blackmores but the shareholders do not consists of any role in the GRI framework of standards (à ªÃ‚ ·Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ªÃ‚ ¸Ã‚ °Ãƒ ­Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‹Å" Jong-In Choi, 2015). These are the differences that are created in the both the industry which seems to be depicted in this case and thereby the differentiation with the GAP analysis is made that seems to be successful and there by the framework is depicted by the enhancement of the sustainability report. The comparison provides the contribution for creating sustainable and tangible results which helps in the achievement of appropriate communication system. The transparency and the accountability comes from the clear communications with thereby helps in representing the versions of GRI released principles depicts the G4 version of the reporting principles (Supriyanto, 2015). The guidelines help in acting as global reporting initiatives. The benefits that are achieved by compiling GRI guidelines with the report provided by Blackmores Analysis seems to be benefitting the potential investors, shareholders and the other stakeholders of the business are as follows:- The checking of the c-suite commitment: In general a leadership can be formed by recognising the external pressure from the government with thereby helps in recognising the stock exchanges, markets, investors and the society at large to be transparent. This implicates the clear communication process and thereby the progress is created by the enhancement of the sustainability objectives. The consideration of the senior management data needs to be thoroughly checked with creating the impact of the firms commitment and thereby the commitment is fixed in the term of time and money (Soni, Giboney, Yee, 2016). The management and the commitment create a support base for the sustainability and the drive base for the improvement of the organisation. A mature materiality process must be considered The current material issue and the priority for setting the materiality matrix up to date is created with focusing on the implementation of the right methods. The principle distinction between the G3 and the G4 guidelines are differentiated with creating emphasis on the process of reporting in order to provide the guidelines for the analysis which seems to be taking place and thereby the analysis helps in the creating the focus in regard to the present reporting (Singh Diamond, 2015). For reporting issues that seems to be most relevant represents the relevant key stakeholders and at the same time they become the success for the organisation. Reporting switches from the completeness helps in maintaining the economic, environmental and the societal issues for itself and thereby it proves that the stakeholders and the society is kept at large position for the organisation (Santos Sehnem, 2016). GRI Gap Analysis The materiality focus helps in creating the user friendly environment with providing sustainability report and thereby the creation of the effort provides the sustainability report for the enhancement of the organisation. The GAP analysis helps in the creation of identity for the organisation with the usage of the GRI indicators which seems to be sufficient according to the new GRI G4 standard Disclosures (Ortiz Marin, 2014). Furthermore the detection of GAPS helps in indicating the values with creating appropriate guidelines with providing appropriate implementation plan for the analysis Conclusion The report consists of all the necessary reports that are depicted in this case study which provides the framework of the standards which are depicted for both the organisations i.e. the GRI and the Blackmores. The report consists of the workplace community with thereby creating the enhancement of the structures with presenting the structures of the business with the comparison made for the supply chain management. The environmental as well as social impacts of the company have been discussed along with its history, location and products. Also the differentiation is created for both the organization in respect to the general standards and thereby the consideration of the implementation was mentioned accordingly. Part B Major costs associated with the operations of the Global Therapeutics The major cost associated with the operations of the Global Therapeutics includes clinical trials, non clinical studies, commercial supplies, marketing cost and other activities. The selling, marketing costs and manufacturing associated with the GBT440 and other products includes time and cost in order to expand the marketing and sales capabilities (Kroetz, 2016). The clinical practice also includes cost of commercial and clinical supplies that includes enrolling patients for the clinical trial in a timely manner. The cost is necessary to develop technologies, future acquisition and maintaining, protecting and expanding the portfolio of intellectual property. Enforcing and obtaining of patents of biopharmaceutical is costly. The company has also to invest into the research and development of the products. Other cost includes salaries, equipment, rent and insurance. Estimating the cost behavior Variable Cost Amount ($) Fixed Cost Amount ($) Clinical Trial 400000 Intellectual Property 3500000 Clinical Studies 250000 Building 2500000 Commercial supplies 1,000,000 Salaries 1800000 marketing Cost 300000 Equipment 600000 Research Development 800000 Rent 100000 Insurance 300000 2750000 8800000 The cost associated with a company comprises fixed costs and variable costs. Fixed costs are the cost that does not change with the decrease or increase in the amount of products or services sold or produced. It is the costs that have to be paid by the organization (Kroetz, 2016). Variable costs are the expenses that vary with the production of goods. Therefore, it depends on the volume of production. Understanding of the cost behavior The breakeven analysis will help to estimate and examine the margin of safety of the company on the basis of associated costs and revenue collected. It will enable the company to analyze different level of price relating to different demand level (Lin, Chang, Chang, 2015). Therefore, it helps to determine the sales level that would be needed to cover fixed costs. The breakeven of point of Global Therapeutics is ($2750000+$880000=$3630000). Breakeven analysis is a useful tool to determine the production level or desired targeted sales mix. It looks at the fixed costs level in relative to the earned profit by each unit sold and produced (Liu Tyagi, 2016). The net profit margin of a company can be increased with the increase in the revenue and decrease in the cost of production. The production costs can be decreased with the help of implementing appropriate strategies, policies and techniques. Balance score card Strategic Objective Lag / Outcome Measure Lead / Driver Measure Financial The strategic objective of the company is to invest into core business as such as investment in product development, assets, operational activities and marketing activities. The Global Therapeutics has adopted appropriate strategies in order to achieve its financial objectives (Malikova, Shifflett, Farber, 2015). The financial performance can be measured with the help of estimating financial ratios in order to determine and evaluate profitability, liquidity and efficiency level. Customer The strategic objective of the company is to provide quality care to their patients with the implementation of appropriate clinical practices The Global Therapeutics has put emphasis to increase their quality of care. The increase in quality care will increase the satisfaction level of the customer. The satisfaction level of the patients can be measured by obtaining their feedbacks. Processes The strategic objective of the company is enhance the internal control system of the company. The internal control system is important in order to provide quality care to the patients. The staff members and managers have appropriately managed the internal process of the company. The flow of communication, coordination and completion of tasks in the given time shows the efficiency of the internal control system. Part c Break even analysis Protein Shakes Power-up Vitamin Juices Recharge Bars Expected Annual Sales (units) 15,000 15,000 7,000 Selling price $7.80 $9.50 $5.60 Sales $117,000.00 $142,500.00 $39,200.00 Ingredient cost $3.10 $3.60 $2.75 Packaging cost $0.35 $0.35 $0.05 Total costs $5,253.10 $5,253.60 $352.75 Staffing and facilities costs $39,000.00 $39,000.00 $39,000.00 Marketing costs $9,333.00 $9,333.00 $9,333.00 Total cost $53,586.10 $53,586.60 $48,685.75 Breakeven point Protein Shakes Revenue = Variable cost + Fixed cost Revenue = $53,586.10 Power-up Vitamin Juices Revenue = Variable cost + Fixed cost Revenue = $53,586.60 Recharge Bars Revenue = Variable cost + Fixed cost Revenue = $48,685.75 After profit tax Revenue $198,336.10 $198,336.60 $198,335.75 Ingredient cost $3.10 $3.60 $2.75 Packaging cost $0.35 $0.35 $0.05 Total costs $3.10 $3.60 $2.75 Staffing and facilities costs $39,000.00 $39,000.00 $39,000.00 Marketing costs $9,333.00 $9,333.00 $9,333.00 Total cost $48,336.10 $48,336.60 $48,335.75 Net profit $150,000.00 $150,000.00 $150,000.00 Memo To: From: Date: Subject: The analysis of breakeven point and annual profit Recharge Bars Expected Annual Sales (units) 7,000 Selling price $26.00 Sales $182,000.00 Ingredient cost $1.75 Packaging cost $0.05 Total costs $351.75 Staffing and facilities costs $22,000.00 Marketing costs $8,333.00 Total cost $30,684.75 Net profit $151,315.25 The Blackmores should adopt and implement appropriate strategies in order to increase its sale of products as well as developing the market value of the company. The annual profit and breakeven analysis of the company can be enhanced with the increase in selling price and decrease in the variable costs and fixed costs (Entwistle, 2015). The increase in the sales of the products and decrease in the cost of the products will help to increase the profitability and market value of the company. The initiative imposes significant impact on the sales, mix, variable cost, fixed cost and selling price of the products. The increase in operation efficiency, internal control systems, maximizing flow of cash increasing quality of product, determining appropriate price level, adopting marketing activities will help to increase the profit (METAXAS TSAVDARIDOU, 2016). The managers and finance department plays a significant role in the management of the costs and revenue of the company. The preparat ion of financial statements will help to determine and evaluate the revenue, expense, asset, liabilities, profit or loss of the company during a period of time. The breakeven analysis will help to estimate and examine the margin of safety of the company on the basis of associated costs and revenue collected (Miranda Lovell, 2015). The management and allocation of resource helps to achieve the goals of the organization. References Sustainability Reporting Guidelines. (2016). Retrieved 17 September 2016, from https://www.globalreporting.org/resourcelibrary/G3.1-Guidelines-Incl-Technical-Protocol.pdf Bernard, S., Abdelgadir, S., Belkhir, L. (2015). Does GRI Reporting Impact Environmental Sustainability? An Industry-Specific Analysis of CO2 Emissions Performance between Reporting and Non-Reporting Companies.JSD,8(9), 190. https://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v8n9p190 Chen, L., Feldmann, A., Tang, O. (2015). The relationship between disclosures of corporate social performance and financial performance: Evidences from GRI reports in manufacturing industry.International Journal Of Production Economics,170, 445-456. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.04.004 Entwistle, G. (2015). Reflections on Teaching Financial Statement Analysis.Accounting Education,24(6), 555-558. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09639284.2015.1075314 Harrison, M., Milbers, K., Mihic, T., Anis, A. (2016). Incentives in Rheumatology: the Potential Contribution of Physician Responses to Financial Incentives, Public Reporting, and Treatment Guidelines to Health Care Sustainability.Curr Rheumatol Rep,18(7). https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11926-016-0596-6 Jacobson, W. Sowa, J. (2015). Strategic Human Capital Management in Municipal Government: An Assessment of Implementation Practices.Public Personnel Management,44(3), 317-339. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091026015591283 Jones, P., Comfort, D., Hillier, D. (2015). Managing materiality: a preliminary examination of the adoption of the new GRI G4 guidelines on materiality within the business community.Journal Of Public Affairs,16(3), 222-230. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pa.1586 Karuhanga, B. (2015). Evaluating implementation of strategic performance management practices in universities in Uganda.Measuring Business Excellence,19(2), 42-56. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbe-06-2014-0017 Kroetz, D. (2016). Best Practices for Clinical and Translational Research and Implementation.Clinical And Translational Science. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cts.12411 Kroetz, D. (2016). Best Practices for Clinical and Translational Research and Implementation.Clinical And Translational Science. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cts.12411 Lin, H., Chang, O., Chang, C. (2015). Perceptions of GRI Reporting Guidelines.The International Journal Of Sustainability Policy And Practice,9(4), 35-54. https://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2325-1166/cgp/v09i04/55439 Liu, Y. Tyagi, R. (2016). Outsourcing to convert fixed costs into variable costs: A competitive analysis.International Journal Of Research In Marketing. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2016.08.002 Malikova, M., Shifflett, L., Farber, A. (2015). Implementation of strategic management tools improves wound care clinical trial outcomes.Clinical Investigation,5(7), 653-664. https://dx.doi.org/10.4155/cli.15.30 METAXAS, T. TSAVDARIDOU, M. (2016). ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND CSR IN PETROLEUM REFINING COMPANIES IN GREECE: CONTENT AND GLOBAL REPORTING INITIATIVE (GRI) ANALYSIS.J. Dev. Entrepreneurship, 1650013. https://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946716500138 Miranda, D. Lovell, J. (2015). Highlights from the latest articles in nanomedicine: light-activated therapeutics.Nanomedicine,10(22), 3321-3323. https://dx.doi.org/10.2217/nnm.15.157 Ortiz, E. Marin, S. (2014). Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) as recognized guidelines for sustainability reporting by Spanish companies on the IBEX 35: Homogeneity in their framework and added value in the relationship with financial entities.IC,10(5). https://dx.doi.org/10.3926/ic.492 Santos, G. Sehnem, S. (2016). Analysis practices focused on sustainability in a shopping center from Santa Catarina, according to guidelines Global Reporting Initiative - GRI.Sistemas Gesto,11(2), 216. https://dx.doi.org/10.20985/1980-5160.2016.v11n2.1016 Singh, S. Diamond, S. (2015).Social media marketing for dummies. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley et Sons. Soni, S., Giboney, P., Yee, H. (2016). Development and Implementation of Expected Practices to Reduce Inappropriate Variations in Clinical Practice.JAMA,315(20), 2163. https://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.4255 Supriyanto, A. (2015). Knowledge Management Implementation, Strategic Human Resource Practices and Organizational Performance Mediated by Strategic Planning.Business And Management Research,4(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.5430/bmr.v4n1p90 à ªÃ‚ ·Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ªÃ‚ ¸Ã‚ °Ãƒ ­Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‹Å", Jong-In Choi,. (2015). The Analysis of Failure Causes on Technology Venture: A Start-up case of the Government Research Institute(GRI).Asiapacificjournalofbusinessventuringandentrepreneurship,10(4), 27-37. https://dx.doi.org/10.16972/apjbve.10.4.201508.27

Rational Choice Theory

Sociology of religion According to Johnson, when defining the sociology of religion we look at the definition of the term religion as well as the task sociology has in the study of religion. Sociology plays an important role in the study as it involves the recognition of the social reality of any social phenomenon (Johnson 2).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Rational Choice Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Johnson, sociology is the study of how human beings interact with each other within groups. It focuses on how such interactions have an influence on human behavior. In other words, sociology is a field of science that strives to explain the group dynamics and how the groups have influenced individuals and human activities. Groups influence human behavior as they change, shape, and modify an individual’s behavior in one way or another. Groupings exist in the family setting, educational programs, as well as peer associations (2). In this respect, religion can be a subject of sociological study as it falls within the constraints of a group. Religion is a group phenomenon because religious organizations tend to organize themselves in groups known as congregations, fellowships, dioceses, and denominations. In this case, sociology helps us understand religion as a social phenomenon (Johnson 3). According to Johnson, sociologists in attempting to define religion have come up with two forms of definitions. There are substantive as well as functional definitions. They go hand in hand in coming up with a clear-cut definition of religion. The substantive and the functional definitions provide a foundation in which one can understand the meaning of religion and the impact it has on the lives of the people. The substantive definition focuses on the nature of religion when it is at its core. In other words, it focuses on the essence of religion (9). On the other hand, the fun ctional definition mainly focuses on the impact religion has to the people who practice the religion. In combining the two definitions, sociologists have defined religion to be a phenomenon whose subject matter involves the provision of answers to all questions. It is a phenomenon that is sacred, holy and one that has a supernatural bearing (13). At this point, the sociology of religion involves the description of the reality of religion. According to Johnson, sociology approaches all its subjects with neutrality as well as objectivity when describing reality. Religion is no exception despite its emotional nature and the immeasurable values attached to it. In other words, by the fact that religion qualifies to be a group phenomenon, its sociological investigation must be neutral and objective. In addition, the sociology of religion is of empirical nature. In any study including the study of religion, one must come up with the relevant empirical information and data. This involves fa ctual analysis, evidence, as well as verifiable procedures. In this case, the sociology of religion involves subjecting the study of religion to scientific methods (7).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The importance of the sociology of religion However, sociology’s limitation in describing the reality of religion exists as it can only make conclusions on the phenomenon that can be perceivable. To support or dispute any sociological theory, the relevant empirical data and information has to accompany the study. In this case, the study of religion involves forces that are generally unperceivable as it is a sacred, spiritual, and supernatural phenomenon. In addition, religion encompasses emotions and faith, which are incapable of measurement (Johnson 8). In this respect, many have argued that sociologists cannot study religion, as they cannot describe the unobservable (Johns on 7). However, according to Yinger, empirical investigation may not be capable of fully revealing the essence of religion. However, its participation to the study of religion has a great contribution to understanding religion. The argument of the church stained window supports the relevance of the empirical study of religion. To fully admire the beauty and understand the message on the church stained window it requires one to be inside the church. However, the view from the inside constitutes a fraction of what one can learn regarding the window. One can only appreciate the context of the exterior framework when he is outside. In addition, in studying the stained church window we may consider information that does not relate with viewing the window from the outside or from the inside. For example, we may consider the reasons for its installation and make comparisons with other windows of the same nature. It is therefore, important in the study of religion to consider the sociology of religion as an avenue to help us understand religion (4). The sociology of religion involves answering questions of religion empirically has the effect of amplifying our understanding. In other words, sociology can be an additional tool to further our understanding to the study of religion. Rational choice theory The rational choice theory strives to provide an explanation regarding the purpose of religion in the society. The essence of the theory is not only centered on religion’s persistence but also deals with the observation of ubiquity of religion within different societies (Bellah 19). The rational choice theory entails that human beings make social, economic, and political choices through rationalization. They can also make rational religious choices. Rational choices come about in instances whereby a person chooses not to address his opinion in a group whereby everyone has an opposing opinion.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Rational Choice T heory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Johnson, constrains of human rationality are found within the extent of their understanding and the information they posses. In addition, human beings make rational choices based on their tastes and preferences. Rational choice theorists have introduced the aspect of supply and demand for purposes of understanding why people make certain choices that dictates their religious behavior. They argue that religion brings forth rewards and gains in which the religious people desire. For example, likeminded people fellowship together, provides emotional support to each other, and the promise of a brilliant life when one dies. However, the dynamics of demand and supply entail that for every reward or gain there is a cost. In this case, the cost comes in the form that one has to change his lifestyle to conform to what the religion dictates (37). In some instances, it may involve sacrificing o ne’s leisure time to take part in the religious group’s activities. According to Johnson, the rational choice theory does not strive to explain the origin of religion. The rational choice theory comes in to explain the reasons why people turn to the religious ideas and systems for answers, solutions, and protection (36). Works Cited Yinger, Milton. The Scientific Study of Religion. New York: Macmillan, 1970. Print. Bellah, Robert. The Ritual Roots of Society and Culture, a Handbook of the Sociology of Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Print. Johnstone, Ronald. Religion in Society, a Sociology of Religion. Pearson: Prentice-Hall, 2007. Print. This essay on Rational Choice Theory was written and submitted by user Bryson Ellis to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Bach essays

Bach essays Bachs Concerto for Harpsichord exhibits many features that are common in the first movements of Classical concerto forms. The movement begins with an orchestral exposition, all in tonic, in which a soft opening theme leads to a transitional tutti in measure 12. A light cadential theme is then heard from the orchestra, followed by a closing tutti in measure 24-43. The soloist then restates this in embellished form, being joined occasionally by the orchestra in measures 44-58, embroidering the transitional tutti with runs and turns as seen in measures 59-71, and then introducing a secondary theme on the dominant in measure 71. The light cadential theme of the orchestral exposition (measure 25) fuels an imaginatively elaborated closing section, in measures 85-105, to which the earlier closing tutti adds a final mark of punctuation in measure 106-114. Here, instead of developing these ideas as in a normal classical concerto, Bach plays on different tonal levels with a new idea intr oduced by the keyboard. In measure 146, the recapitulation is dominated by the solo instrument, omitting the keyboards second theme, and going directly from the now familiar transitional tutti to the graceful closing theme in measure 171. This is done nicely to extend to reach the six-four chord that announces the cadenza seen in measure 191, after which the closing tutti energetically ends the movement. This was a blend of the ritornello-solo structure of the Baroque concerto and the formal exposition, elaboration or excursion, and recapitulation of the symphonic allegro. The tutti now has discrete functions within a deliberate scheme of thematic and tonal contrast, and the solos, though still free and fanciful, are anchored in the principal thematic substance. (NAWM pg. 92) ...

Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Argument - Essay Example It reflects the realities they face on a daily basis and their struggle to come to terms with the world around them. Far from encouraging young people into a life of drug addiction and gun crime, hip-hop can actually save them from it by proving a form of expression which can release their anger, stress and anxieties. This essay will explore the two sides to this hotly debated topic and attempt to understand just what role hip-hop plays in modern society. Jennifer McLune is a supporter of the idea that hip-hop is a damaging influence on modern society. Her focus is particularly on females, since she argues that hip-hop betrays its black women listeners by objectifying them. The basic premise for her argument is that far from offering an outlet for young black females, it actually encourages them to conform to roles delimitated along the lines of ‘baby mommas’, ‘chickenheads’ or ‘bitches’. Rather than offering positive role models for women, this music instead attempts to limit the role that women play in a society where men set the rules. This is an often levied criticism. At first listen lyrics to many hip-hop songs appear to have little respect for women beyond pure sexuality. McClure takes this point and develops it, in a distinctly feminist tone. McLune argues against Powell’s idea that the overt misogyny in hip-hop comes from socio-economic factors which have encourages this approach. She argues this point by indicating that women, too, have been raised in the exact same socio-economic conditions. Further, rich white males are just as capable as poor black ones of sexist slants. Her approach is an overtly feminist one which argues that women should not accept this war which men are waging on them. She argues that hip-hop culture is driven by sexism and that even artists which are opposed to this do not openly publicise the fact. It is so mainstream to hate women, it would

Education Policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Education Policies - Essay Example Every successive government views education as a field for change as public opinion and support for educational development is always guaranteed. Therefore, every government promises to lift standards, enhance achievement and schools. While methods and initiatives differ with every political party, the issue of improving schools has been a regular policy objective in many countries (Townsend, 2007). All around the world, governments are trying out to new policies to deal with innovative technologies, new world order and a dynamic global economy. All through the post-war period, there have been numerous efforts to improve the UK education system, frequently with a clear objective to try and make it more effective (Machin & Vignoles, 2006). It is believed that education plays a significant role in facilitating economic growth, equality of opportunity and social justice (Townsend, 2007). Over the last two decades, there has been an unparalleled growth in public interest in education, wh ich has given rise to a number of policies such as SureStart, Every Child Matters (ECM), Education Maintenance Allowance (EMA), expansion Higher Education, etc. Trowler (2003:95) defines education policy as â€Å"†¦ a specification of principles and actions, related to educational issues, which are followed or which should be followed and which are designed to being about desired goals.† The definition clearly illustrates that fact that policy is a process, something which is dynamic and not unchangeable. Trowler (2003) further suggests that the ‘dynamic’ comes from: political and educational conflict; interpretation of policy and the practical implication for individuals involved at all levels of the education system. Thus a working and debatable definition of the education policy-making process could be the historical, social and political processes that shape a theme or issue within the education system (Trowler, 2003). Ozga (2000) suggests that policy ca n be viewed directly in terms as the actions of government, intended to secure certain results. Similarly, it can be considered a process rather than a product, entailing negotiation, opposition or resistance among various segments who might not be a part of the formal machinery of official policy making. Ozga (1990) asserts that educational policy is not an impartial creation and it is also not created entirely at a single level without finding the middle ground with others. In theory, McLaughlin (1987) shows that policy implementation studies demonstrates how the transformation of policy into practice is distinguished by â€Å"bargaining and negotiation† and how policy as enacted varies from policy as designed. Research further demonstrates the way officially formulated educational policies are adapted, sometimes altered, when executed in schools and classrooms (Coburn, 2001). Moreover, policies are challenged, interpreted and performed in a variety of areas as words and me anings of policymakers do not always transform directly and clearly into institutional operations. They are inflected, thought over, opposed and misinterpreted, or in a few cases simply prove impracticable. It is also essential not to misjudge the logical rationality of policy (Ball, 2008). State constitutions designate different institutions with task and official authority for education policymaking. In the modern world, constitutional power and responsibility might be the only complete

Combines Michael Porters Generic Competitive Strategies Marketing Essay

Combines Michael Porters Generic Competitive Strategies Marketing Essay IKEA achieves competitive advantage under the cost leadership strategy by producing at the lowest possible cost. Wherever possible, under this strategy IKEA will reduce costs at every stage of the value chain and either charge lower prices or charge competitive prices resulting in relatively high profit margins. IKEA cuts costs constantly and is always asking its makers to seek the least costly suppliers. IKEA also, seeks to offer prices much cheaper and target very wider audience. Therefore, to be able to achieve required margins. Differentiation Strategy: In the differentiation strategy, IKEA look for competitive advantage by offering products that are perceived to be different and better than competitors products by customers due to its unique characteristics, e.g. quality of the products. Focus Strategy: The focus strategy has two variants i.e. Cost Focus and Differentiation Focus. This is where IKEA focuses on a narrow segment of the market. This is where IKEA focuses on a narrow segment of the market and applies a Differentiation strategy. IKEAs Hybrid Strategy: IKEA uses a combination of these strategies in achieving its vision which is Its business idea The part of the cost leadership strategy that IKEA adopts is that part aimed at producing at the lowest possible cost, so they can charge as low a price as possible to maintain their competitive advantage. For the differentiation strategy, IKEA focuses on quality designs. However, the IKEA does not do this, so they could charge a premium price. They do it to promote their brand. The differentiation focus strategy is also used in some segments of the market. For example, they produce customized plastic mats to commemorate the year of the rooster in China. Functional level strategy defines different functions within the business unit, such as sales, accounting or production, which contribute towards the success of the business level strategy. This contribution will differ from function to function, but the overall aim will be to support the overall strategy. If the strategy is to be a cost leader, then production will be integral in achieving cost advantages. Therefore, Functional strategy refers to the strategy of individual departments linked to achievement of business goals. For example, a Marketing department of a firm may have promotional or pricing strategy, while a finance department will have a credit control policy. Similarly, IKEA has functional strategies aimed at achieving its vision and business ideas. For example, under the Marketing function, IKEA increased its distribution channels by opening 19 new retail outlets in 2006. This is to support its business growth strategy. In the US, by the end of 2010 the number of IKEA outlets is expected to be 50, in comparison to 25 in 2006. To support its hybrid strategy, IKEA is determined to ensure that This policy applies to the research and development and well as the purchasing functions of the company. The customer perception of IKEA is that the company offers quality products at affordable prices. Going shopping at IKEAs is treated more like an event to be looked forward to by the customers, rather than a task which needs to be completed. The following quotes demonstrate how IKEA is seen by many people: If it wasnt for IKEA, most people would have no access to affordable contemporary design. IKEA makes me free to become what I want to be. Half my house is from IKEA and the nearest store is six hours away. Every time, its trendy for less money. IKEA is addressing the needs of most customers. Customers buying behaviour usually demonstrate price sensitivity, with the average shopper constantly looking for bargains or discounts. On the other hand, these same customers would look for a higher quality product over what they perceive a lower quality product where both cost the same almost always. IKEA is perceived as providing to the needs of the modern and cool as well as those with aspirations for the finer things in life. There appears to be a strong bond as parents are generally comfortable leaving their children in the shops playroom while they go about shopping, which create a trust. As it mentioned above, the IKEA strategy is a hybrid strategy, which incorporates elements of cost leadership, differentiation and differentiation focus strategies. IKEA brand is very strong, most competitors do not possess the strengths that IKEA does and, which are important in achieving a hybrid strategy. Consequently, IKEA is able to attract good quality of customers and even better is able to duplicate its quality and price ranges globally. It also has economies of scale and a strong research and development team constantly looking at innovative ways to meet its business objectives. Therefore, for the strategy to be imitated, the distinctive competencies of competitors must be strong, they must have the resource to deal with any potential price wars, and they must also have the capabilities to react to changing external environment. The main threats of IKEA come from its external environment. IKEAs threats can be measured with PESTEL, Porters Five Forces and SWOT analysis. Political, relates to the influence of government legislation and regulations on a business. Economic, how economic factors like interest rates, inflation and exchange rates affect businesses Social, refers to social trends and includes things like change in consumer taste and fashion and demographical changes Technological, level of automation and the rate of technological advancement and the impact on businesses Environmental, relates to how businesses are impacted by environmental factors such as global climate change Legal, health and safety laws Porters five forces, is a tool used to analyse how competitive pressure impact on businesses, i.e. the extent of competitive rivalry, barriers to entry, buyer power, supplier power and the availability of substitutes. SWOT, summarises the key issues from the business environment and the strategy capability of an organisation that most likely to impact on the strategy development. In IKEAs case, the main potential threats come from three of these factors, i.e. Economic, Social and Competition. In terms of economic factors, the global recession has significantly reduced business growth as customers have less disposable income and are consequently spending less. With limited income, consumers prefer to spend only on necessities mainly, and saving. Many governments affected by the recession have been putting stimulus packages in place partly to encourage consumer spending. As far as the social threat is concerned, due to a collapse of the housing and mortgage market which started the downward spiral into global recession, the amount of first time buyers, who are mainly IKEA customers, has considerably reduced. From a competitive point of view, there is the threat the extent of competitive rivalry will put at risk IKEAs strategy. For instance, it has to compete with major competitors Target Corporation and Kmart in US, Fly in France and Nitori Co. in Japan. Furthermore, increasingly buyer power will increase as competition increases demanding review of price or even design. This could potentially hurt the IKEA brand. IKEA must constantly analyse its internal and external environment to determine what the business is at for any given point in time and to identify what needs to be done going forward. For the internal analysis, IKEA must analyse its resources and capabilities with a view of making improvements as appropriate. They must always seek to ensure that their resources and capabilities are superior to those of their competitors to reduce the threat of imitation, which would eliminate their competitive advantage. In terms of the resources, they could look at the following with a view of identifying strengths and weaknesses: Finance what is the state of the business in terms of profit and loss, cash flow and the balance sheet position? Marketing they must continue to revaluate their marketing strategy. for example: Are the products priced adequately? Is the roll out of new stores meeting growth targets? Promotion how successful have the gift initiatives activities been? Product how environmentally friendly and are they to meet with any challenges? Operations IKEA could review the strengths and weaknesses of their machines, method of operations and materials used to produce furniture. Management as the founder is an old man now, this is a significant area that needs looking at. Is the management in place currently skilled enough to achieve objectives? Staff assess their motivation, their training needs and contribution to the success of the company, for example. An external audit should then be performed by analysing PESTEL SWOT is to determine the opportunities and threats facing IKEA from the external environment. Subsequently, IKEA should then be in a position to determine how it can use its key strengths, minimize weaknesses, take advantage of opportunities and triumph over threats to achieve a competitive advantage through its hybrid strategy. The greatest challenges facing IKEA can be outlined below: Entry into new markets and segments in US and Japan Environmental challenges Culture and Values As we know, IKEA over the last few years expanding in Japan and US markets. These are two countries where it has recorded failure in the past. For instance, in the US, according to them they did not listen to the needs of the customers and employed a hybrid strategy. With time, they realized that the Americans needed larger sized products which they subsequently corrected. In Japan, they miscalculated thinking the Japanese were interested in low price products when their interest was in quality. It would be interesting to see how they fare in the next 10 years for these reasons, especially with the high level of competition from Target Corp. and Nitori Co. IKEA is committed to meet environmental challenges. Another big challenge is internal in nature. The owner and founder Ingvar Kamprad instilled a lot of the values that is currently being pursued today. A lot of the top brass are committed to his philosophies. With the passage of time however, the culture of IKEA which has delivered such great success will decrease. In the next 10 years, it is important that whoever is driving the business operates in line with its core values, as the brand is one of its discriminating strengths. This brand was built on the back of the core values and business idea. Any threat to that may mean a threat to the entire business as a whole.

I. Brief Overview of different sculpture styles A. Egyptian Sculpture

Egyptian sculpture is distinct in their symbolic formality based on an ancient set of rules for three-dimensional works of art and were not meant to capture or memorialize a certain event or point in time. Egyptian sculpture is primarily used for religious purposes, mostly to guard over the dead. It is typically hewn from stone and figures preserve the cubic form of the original slab.The figures are always deliberately facing the front and much of the detail is hewn to represent characteristics of the frontal image, and is usually painted with vibrant colors.Later Greco-Roman influence later transformed the detail of the face to more closely approximate a realistic representation of the human face. (â€Å"Egypt†) B. Greek Sculpture The most important samples of Greek sculpture deal with religious themes, although civic, domestic and sepulchral themes are also common. When dealing with human subjects, realism tempered by idealism is the order of the day. Some were large, others small enough to place on a pedestal. Subjects include iconic figures such as the Greek gods and goddesses, priests, sacred animals and others of votive character.The most popular type of Greek sculpture is the bas relief and in the round. Greek sculpture was also used to honor civic events such as treaties and national games. These memorials are mythopoetic in character. In general Greek sculptures in marble, stone, terracotta, bronze or wood are distinct in its grace and beauty, its hint of action and value as a record of dress and fashion of the era. Finishing included liberal applications of oil, wax and color for a more life-like sheen except for those made of marble, where color was added only for emphasis.(â€Å"Greek sculpture – part I†) C. Roman Sculpture Sculpture as an art form developed late in Roman society because Romans considered all forms of art from a practical point of view and held it in contempt as work only slaves should do. Much of the work done in sculpture in the 2nd and 3rd Century B. C. was likely done by Etruscans. During the reign of Augustus (63 B. C. – 14 A. D. ), Romans began drawing away from mostly decorative and utilitarian subjects of sculpture to more mythological themes.The conquest of the Greeks shifted the material of choice from bronze to marble, and a shift from in the round to relief sculptures. Masses of Greek works of art were transported to Roman strongholds and excited much admiration but no desire to produce their own. Wealthy Romans commissioned copies of the more famous works for display in their homes. With Augustus, there was a dawning approximation to the Greek attitude towards art which did not survive his demise, but which did produce some of the more beautiful pieces of Roman sculpture such as the Altar of Peace (erected c. 12 B. C. ).(â€Å"Greek and Roman Art†) Only the development of relief on sarcophagi continued and outperformed Greek in this instance, and is evident in th e many extant samples such as the arch at Beneventum. The distinct Roman robustness and flavor is more evident in larger pieces of work rather than individual pieces. (â€Å"Roman sculpture†) II. Descriptions of the selected works of art A. The Indian Triumph of Dionysus (Late 2nd Century, Marble) This relief was used as one side of a Roman sarcophagus representing the triumphal return of Dionysus, the Greek god of wine after his sojourn in India and the East.Known as Bacchus in Roman mythology, he is portrayed here in a reclining fashion amidst what appears to be a procession or festival celebrating his return. He is as usual portrayed with grapes about his head, signifying wine. He is surrounded by men, women, children as well as a herald and he is apparently being carried by soldiers. Satyrs are also present, as well as panthers, which are often associated with this mythological figure. There is at least one elephant and a horse. The whole relief is a study in movement, ev en dancing.Not one of the figure is in repose, and there is much going on. Each figure contributes to the richness of the representation, from the fruits in the basket, to the two children astride the elephant. All elements are on the move, even the draperies of the women. This is a classic example of the expertise developed by Roman sculptors for this particular form of art, and illustrative of the Greek influence, from the subject of the relief to the style of the dress. B. Portrait Figure of a Ruler (Roman c. A. D. 200—225, Bronze)This bronze figure is a rare example of the period before marble became the material of choice for sculpture in-the-round. It is speculated that this was in emulation of Augustus, who in turn followed the example of Alexander the Great who declared himself a god. Probably once contained in the temple of an Asia Minor emperor, this is missing the head, the right leg midway to the calf and the left foot. It is a muscular yet graceful figure, striki ng a pose of some authority and arrogance, as if declaiming to his adoring public or announcing some important news.It is also incredibly detailed, somewhat embarrassingly so in this instance as the figure is quite large and the details stand out somewhat. The head was probably cast separately from the body as the break looks clean, as if from a joint. It is a magnificent specimen of manhood, and the face was probably as beautiful. It would probably benefit from some cleaning. C. Monumental Statue of the Pharaoh Ramesses II Enthroned (Egypt, New Kingdom, 1386-1349 BC and 1279-1212 BC, Grandiorite) This monument to Ramses II (c. 1290-1224 BCE), who is said to have ruled over Egypt for almost 67 years, are found in Nubia, near the Sudan.â€Å"There are figures of Ramses II with the prime gods of the New Kingdom, including Ptah, the Memphis creater god, Re-Harakhte, the sun god of Heliopolis and Amun Re, the great god of Thebes†. Together they guard the entrance to the temple de dicated to these figures. The Great Temple of Ramses II is on the left while the Temple of Hathor/Nefertari is on the right. They were cut into natural rock, and at 20 meters high are considered colossi. (Sullivan) There are four figures in all, although the figure on the right of Ramses II is missing a torso. The rock is pinkish in tinge.The figures are sitting on thrones facing front, all the hands on their laps. The figures are rigid although the expression on the Ramses’s face is placid, with even a hint of a smile. The features are well-formed, incredible considering how it has been exposed to wind and sand for all these years. Inscriptions are carved in the arms. At their feet between the legs are smaller figures standing upright, perhaps representing servants or priests. In between each colossi are women figures are dressed finely, and are perhaps royalty. There is much vandalism, names and dates scratched into the stone as far back as 1875.The podium is inscribed with hieroglyphics and the rightmost figure had lost the beard. There appears to be figures of baboons over the entrance of the temple. III. Comparison of the three sculptures The Roman works of art are good representative examples of the two kinds of sculptures popular during that period: relief in marble and sculpture in the round in bronze. The colossi Ramses II is a typical example of the three-dimensional Egyptian style. There appears to be nothing less similar than the two art types. The composition for one thing is completely different.In Roman sculptures, the lines are never linear. The single subject appears about to move or speak, so dynamic is the pose. In the relief, there is visible interaction among the elements of the sculpture, and each figure tells a different story. It memorializes a moment and an occasion. The figures themselves are idealistically and naturally constructed, celebrating the Roman idea of beauty of form and structure. In the Egyptian sculpture, the figu res are stiff and formally posed. No movement is implied, and the pose is strictly linear and frontal, as traditional for Egyptian sculpture.The figures themselves are stylized, showing no definition of muscles or other details but with some emphasis on the face and the ornaments such as the headdress and the clothes, which are as stiff and immobile as the body. It memorializes the figures as immovable and permanent, hence the size of the statues and the fact that it was hewn right out of solid rock. The use of hieroglyphics is also prolific, taking the place of visual representation in telling the story of the figures. Yet there are similarities, mostly in the theme, which is divinity.Ramses is portrayed as side by side the most important gods of the New Kingdom, while the single sculpture deified the emperor and the relief treated the subject of a god celebrated, Dionysus. IV. Conclusion While this paper does not include a specimen of Greek sculpture, it has been discussed earlier that the Romans closely followed the Greek style of sculpture, mostly by using imported sculptures as a basis for copies for their own sculptures. A cursory glance at extant Greek sculpture in the round will immediately reveal how closely the Roman versions mimic the Greek style, from material to posture to subject.Ancient sculptures are representative of the society in which they were produced. They are lasting monuments to the great civilizations which spawned them, and while each is stylistically different, they provide valuable insights into how the ancient Romans and Egyptians lived and how they chose to be remembered. Works Cited â€Å"Egypt . † Ancient Arts. n. d. Detroit Institute of Arts. 24 July 2007 . â€Å"Egyptian Sculpture – Part 1. † Old And Sold. n. d. 24 July 2007 .â€Å"Greek and Roman Art. † Amazon. com. 2007. 24 July 2007 â€Å"Greek Sculpture – Part 1. † Old And Sold. n. d. 24 July 2007 . â€Å"Roman Sculpture. † Old And Sold. n. d. 24 July 2007 . Museum of Fine Arts Houston. 2007. 24 July 2007 . Sullivan, Anne. â€Å"The Great Temple of Ramses II. † Bluffton University. 2001. 24 July 2007 .